Osteoporosis, with its medical name, is the condition in which bone density decreases and the bone structure becomes brittle as a result of weakening. Osteoporosis occurs due to reasons such as aging, hormonal changes, and calcium deficiency. Bones become thinner and more prone to breakage, which increases the risk of fractures, especially in the elderly. Osteoporosis usually does not show any symptoms, so it is also known as the "silent disease". What are the symptoms of osteoporosis? …
Osteoporosis, in its medical name, is the condition in which bone density decreases and the bone structure becomes fragile as a result of weakening. Osteoporosis, occurs due to reasons such as aging, hormonal changes, calcium deficiency. Bones become thinner and more prone to breakage, which increases the risk of fractures, especially in the elderly. Osteoporosis usually does not show any symptoms, which is why it is also known as the “silent disease”.
What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?
There may be constant or intermittent pain, especially in the back, waist and hip area. The spine collapses as the bones thin. This can cause shortening of the height. Due to spinal fractures, the shoulders lean forward and a hunchback may develop. Even after a slight bump or fall, fractures can occur in bones such as the hip, wrist or spine.
Bone loss in the spine can lead to posture disorders. Osteoporosis, It can be controlled and its progression can be slowed down with early diagnosis. Therefore, it is important for people with risk factors to have regular check-ups.
What Causes Osteoporosis?
Bone density naturally decreases with age. This can be caused by decreased estrogen levels, especially in women after menopause. Decreased estrogen levels in women and testosterone levels in men accelerate bone loss. Not taking in enough calcium causes bones to weaken and erode. Vitamin D increases calcium absorption.
In case of deficiency, it becomes difficult for bones to become stronger. Not getting enough exercise causes bone density to decrease. It runs in the family osteoporosis If there is a history of this disease, the person's risk of developing this disease increases. Long-term use of certain medications, such as corticosteroids, can cause bone loss. Alcohol and cigarette use, unhealthy diets and excessive caffeine consumption can negatively affect bone health.
How Is Osteoporosis Diagnosed?
The most common method for diagnosing osteoporosis is a DEXA scan, which measures bone density to determine how dense your bones are and whether you're at risk. Osteoporosis If it is advanced, regular X-rays can also show loss of bone density. However, this method is not effective in the early stages of osteoporosis. Some tests are used to determine the cause of bone loss and to provide information about bone metabolism.
These tests can help prevent osteoporosis from being confused with other diseases. The doctor evaluates the patient's age, gender, menopause status, lifestyle, and other risk factors. These methods are combined to osteoporosis diagnosis is made. The patient's risk is determined. In this way, appropriate treatment and preventive measures can be planned.
How Is Osteoporosis Treated?
Osteoporosis Treatment often involves medications such as bisphosphonates and denosumab. These medications slow down bone loss and some encourage new bone formation. It is important to take calcium and vitamin D to support bone health. Adequate daily intake of calcium and vitamin D helps keep bones strong. It is recommended to consume calcium-rich foods (dairy products, green leafy vegetables, almonds, etc.) and foods containing vitamin D (oily fish, egg yolk). In addition, a balanced diet in terms of protein is important for bone health.
Resistance exercises such as weightlifting and walking, and activities that improve balance can increase bone density and reduce the risk. Exercise should be done regularly. Smoking and alcohol use can negatively affect bone health, so it is important to avoid these habits. In addition, precautions should be taken to reduce the risk of falling (for example, taking safety precautions at home). Estrogen therapy can prevent bone loss in postmenopausal women. This treatment has some side effects and risks, so it should be evaluated carefully. The treatment plan should be individualized based on the patient's age, gender, bone density, and general health. Osteoporosis It is important to follow the doctor's recommendations in treatment.
